Honors Physical Science Chapter 24 Exam Review
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 1. Increasing temperature always increases the solubility of a solute in a solvent.
____ 2. The type of solution depends on the state of the solute.
____ 3. The particles of any liquid are constantly moving.
____ 4. When water dissolves sugar, the positive ends of the water molecules are attracted to the negative ends of the sugar molecules.
____ 5. Particles of liquids and gases move much more freely than do particles of solids.
____ 6. The dissolving process for solid solutions occurs in a solid state.
____ 7. Salad oil dissolves readily in vinegar.
____ 8. Oil-based paints, nail polish, and iodine are examples of polar solutes.
____ 9. Water can be used to dissolve nonpolar molecules.
____ 10. Vitamin C has several oxygen-to-hydrogen bonds resembling those found in water, making Vitamin C polar.
____ 11. Nonpolar materials have separated positive and negative areas.
____ 12. In hydrocarbons, carbon and hydrogen atoms share electrons in a nearly equal manner.
____ 13. The concentration of a liquid solution can be expressed in terms of the percentage by volume of the solute.
____ 14. A drink advertised as having 10% fruit juice has a concentration of 100% by volume of the fruit juice.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 15. In a solution, the substance that is being dissolved is the ____.
a. | gas | c. | solute |
b. | liquid | d. | solvent |
____ 16. The oceans are an example of a(n) ____ solution.
a. | alloy | c. | liquid |
b. | gaseous | d. | solid |
____ 17. A solution that contains all of the solute it can hold at a given temperature is ____.
a. | diluted | c. | supersaturated |
b. | saturated | d. | unsaturated |
____ 18. Increasing the surface area of a solid ____.
a. | causes the solid to ionize | c. | slows the rate of solution |
b. | has no effect on the rate of solution | d. | speeds the rate of solution |
____ 19. When a gas is dissolved in a liquid, the gas dissolves faster if the liquid is ____.
a. | cooled | c. | heated |
b. | an electrolyte | d. | under low pressure |
____ 20. The concentration of solution that contains a large amount of solute in the solvent could be described as ____.
a. | concentrated | c. | polar |
b. | diluted | d. | unsaturated |
____ 21. An alloy is an example of a ____ solution.
a. | dilute | c. | liquid |
b. | gaseous | d. | solid |
____ 22. Adding more solute to a solvent ____.
a. | decreases its boiling point | c. | increases its boiling point |
b. | does not affect its boiling point | d. | increases its freezing point |
____ 23. A molecule that is positively charged on one end and negatively charged on the other end is ____.
a. | a hydrocarbon | c. | polar |
b. | nonpolar | d. | radioactive |
____ 24. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its ____.
a. | concentration | c. | dilution |
b. | density | d. | solubility |
____ 25. Which of the following combinations would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid?
a. | Decrease the pressure and decrease the temperature. |
b. | Decrease the pressure and increase the temperature. |
c. | Increase the pressure and decrease the temperature. |
d. | Increase the pressure and increase the temperature. |
____ 26. Which of the following will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water?
a. | Cool the solution. | c. | Grind up the solvent. |
b. | Freeze the solute. | d. | Stir the solution. |
____ 27. H3O+ units are also known as ____.
a. | hydrogen ions | c. | hydroxide ions |
b. | hydronium ions | d. | hydroxyl groups |
____ 28. A(n) ____ is a substance that produces H+ ions in a water solution.
a. | acid | c. | salt |
b. | base | d. | alcohol |
____ 29. A(n) ____ is a substance that produces OH- ions in a solution.
a. | acid | c. | salt |
b. | base | d. | alcohol |
____ 30. ____ measures how acidic or basic a substance is.
a. | An ester | c. | pH |
b. | A base | d. | The hydronium ion |
____ 31. ____ change color in the presence of an acid or a base.
a. | Acids | c. | Buffers |
b. | Glycerins | d. | Indicators |
____ 32. A ____ is a compound formed in solution from the negative ion of an acid and the positive ion of a base.
a. | detergent | c. | salt |
b. | glycerin | d. | soap |
____ 33. A bitter taste and a slippery feel are clues that a solution is probably a(n) ____.
a. | acid | c. | hydrate |
b. | base | d. | salt |
____ 34. Ammonia is a weak base because it produces ____ ions in solution.
a. | strong | c. | only a few |
b. | weak | d. | many |
____ 35. A base that only partly ionizes in a solution is a ____ base.
a. | concentrated | c. | strong |
b. | dilute | d. | weak |
____ 36. pH measures the ____ of hydronium ions in a solution.
a. | versatility | c. | strength |
b. | neutralization | d. | concentration |
____ 37. Coffee has a pH of about 5. Coffee is ____.
a. | extremely acidic | c. | somewhat acidic |
b. | extremely basic | d. | somewhat basic |
Completion
Complete each statement.
38. A crystal of solute was dropped into a solution, and it dissolved. The original solution was ____________________.
39. If a crystal of solute is dropped into a solution and other crystals appear, the solution was _________________________.
40. Stirring ____________________ the speed of dissolving of a solid in a liquid.
41. Stirring ____________________ the speed of dissolving of a gas in a liquid.
42. Decreasing temperature ____________________ the speed of dissolving for a gas in a liquid.
Honors Physical Science Chapter 24 Exam Review
Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
2. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
3. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
4. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
5. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
6. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
7. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
8. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
9. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
10. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: A OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
11. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
12. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
13. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
14. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 8/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
MULTIPLE CHOICE
15. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
16. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
17. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
18. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
19. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
20. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
21. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
22. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 10/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 5/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
24. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
25. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
26. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
27. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
29. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
30. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
31. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
32. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 9/3
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
33. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
34. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
35. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
36. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
37. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 7/2
STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
COMPLETION
38. ANS: unsaturated
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/2 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
39. ANS: supersaturated
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 6/2 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
40. ANS: increases
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
41. ANS: decreases
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2
42. ANS: increases
PTS: 1 DIF: B OBJ: 3/1 STA: PS2.1 CS1.2